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内容大纲
本书讲述非相对论量子力学,共计18章和1个数学附录,内容包括量子力学的基本概念和原理,近似方法,对称性和角动量理论,原子分子和原子核以及散射理论。内容丰富全面,带有朗道学派的明显特点,在理论物理教学中起着重要的作用。
本书可作为理论物理专业的研究生和高年级本科生教学参考书,也可供科研人员和教师参考。 -
作者介绍
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目录
From the Preface to the first English edition
Preface to the second English edition
Preface to the third Russian edition
Editor's Preface to the fourth Russian edition
Notation
I.THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
§1.The uncertainty principle
§2.The principle of superposition
§3.Operators
§4.Addition and multiplication of operators
§5.The continuous spectrum
§6.The passage to the limiting case of classical mechanics
§7.The wave function and measurements
II.ENERGY AND MOMENTUM
§8.The Hamiltonian operator
§9.The differentiation of operators with respect to time
§10.Stationary states
§11.Matrices
§12.Transformation of matrices
§13.The Heisenberg representation of operators
§14.The density matrix
§15.Momentum
§16.Uncertainty relations
III.SCHRODINGER'S EQUATION
§17.Schr?dinger's equation
§18.The fundamental properties of Schr?dinger's equation
§19.The current density
§20.The variational principle
§21.General properties of motion in one dimension
§22.The potential well
§23.The linear oscillator
§24.Motion in a homogeneous field
§25.The transmission coefficient
IV.ANGULAR MOMENTUM
§26.Angular momentum
§27.Eigenvalues of the angular momentum
§28.Eigenfunctions of the angular momentum
§29.Matrix ele ments of vectors
§30.Parity of a state
§31.Addition of angular momenta
V.МотION IN А CENTRALLY SYММЕTRIС РЕLD
§32.Motion in a centrally sym metric field
§33.Spherical waves
§34.Resolution of a plane wave
§35.Fall of a particle to the centre
§36.Motion in a Coulomb field (spherical polar coordinates
§37.Motion in a Coulomb feld (parabolic coordinates)
VI.PERTURBATION THEORY
§38.Perturbations independent of time
§39.The secular equation
§40.Perturbations depending on time
§41.Transitions under a perturbation acting for a finite time
§42.Transitions under the action of a periodic perturbation
§43.Transitions in the continuous spectrum
§44.The uncertainty relation for energy
§45.Potential energy as a perturbation
VII.THE QUASI-CLASSICAL CASE
§46.The wave function in the quasi-classical case
§47.Boundary conditions in the quasi-classical case
§48.Bohr and Sommerfeld's quantization rule
§49.Quasi-classical motion in a centrally symmetric field
§50.Penetration through a potential barrier
§51.Calculation of the quasi-classical matrix elemente
§52.The transition probability in the quasi-classical case
§53.Transitions under the action of adiabatic perturbations
VIII.SPIN
§54.Spin
§55.The spin operator
§56.Spinors
§57.The wave functions of particles with arbitrary spin
§58.The operator of finite rotations
§59.Partial polarization of particles
§60.Time reversal and Kramers'theorem
IX.IDENTITY OF PARTICLES
§61.The principle of indistinguishability of similar particles
§62.Exchange interaction
§63.Symmetry with respect to interchange
§64.Second quantization.The case of Bose statistics
§65.Second quantization.T he case of Fermi statistics
X.THE ATOM
§66.Atomic energy levels
§67.Electron states in the atom
§68.Hydrogen-like energy leyels
§69.The self-consistent feld
§70.The Thomas-Fermi equation
§71.Wave functions of the outer electrons near the nucleus
§72.Fine structure of atomic levels
§73.The Mendeleev periodic system
§74.X-ray terms
§75.Multipole moments
§76.An ato m in an electric field
§77.A hydrogen atom in an electric field
XI.ТНЕ DATоMIC MOLECULE
§78.Electron terms in the diatomic molecule
§79.The intersection of electron terms
§80.The relation between molecular and atomic terms
§81.Valency
§82.Vibrational and rotational structures of singlet terma in the diatomic molecule
§83.Multiplet terms.Case a
§84.Multiplet terms.Case b
§85.Multiplet terms.Cases c and d
§86.Symmetry of molecular terms
§87.Matrix elements for the diatomic molecule
§88.A-doubling
§89.The interaction of atoms at large distances
§90.Pre-dissociation
XII.THE THEORY OF SYMMETRY
§91.Symmetry transformations
§92.Transformation groups
§93.Point groups
§94.Representations of groups
§95.Irreducible representations of point groups
§96.Irreducible representations and the classification of terma
§97.Selection rules for matrix elements
§98.Continuous groups
§99.T wo-valued representations of finite point groups
XIII.POLYATOMIC MOLECULES
§100.The classification of molecular vibrations
§101.Vibrational energy levels
§102.Stability of sy m metrical configurations of the molecule
§103.Quantization of the rotation of a top
§104.The interaction between the vibrations and the rotation of the molecule
§105.The classification of molecular terms
XIIV.ADDITION OF ANCULAR MOMENTA
§106.3j-symbols
§107.Matrix elements of tensors
§108.6j-symbols
§109.Matrix elements for addition of angular momenta
§110.Matrix elements for axially symmetric systems
XV.МOTION IN A МAСNЕTIС РIELD
§111.Schr?dinger's equation in a magnetic field
§112.Motion in a uniform magnetic field
§113.An atom in a magnetic field
§114.Spin in a variable magnetic field
§115.The current density in a magnetic field
XVI.NUCLEAR STRUCTURE
§116.Isotopic invariance
§117.Nuclear forces
§118.The shell model
§119.Non-spherical nuclei
§120.Isotopic shift
§121.Hyperfine structure of atomic levels
§122.Hyperfine structure of molecular levels
XVII.ELASTIC COLLISIONS
§123.The general theory of scattering
§124.An investigation of the general formula
§125.The unitarity condition for scattering
§126.Born's formula
§127.The quasi-classical case
§128.Analytical properties of the scattering amplitude
§129.The dispersion relation
§130.The scattering amplitude in the momentum representation
§131.Scattering at high energies
§132.The scattering of slow particles
§133.Resonance scattering at low energies
§134.Resonance at a quasi-discrete level
§135.Rutherford's formula
§136.The system of wave functions of the continuous spectrum
§137.Collisions of like particles
§138.Resonance scattering of charged particles
§139.Elastic collisions between fast electrons and atoms
§140.Scattering with spin-orbit interaction
§141.Regge poles
XVIII.INELASTIC COLLISIONS
§142.Elastic scattering in the presence of inelastic processes
§143.Inelastic scattering of slo w particles
§144.The scattering matrix in the presence of reactions
§145.Breit and Wigner's formulae
§146.Interaction in the final state in reactions
§147.Behaviour of cross-sections near the reaction threshold
§148.Inelastic collisions between fast electrons and ato ms
§149.The effective retardation
§150.Inelastic collisions between heavy particles and atoms
§151.Scattering of neutrons
§152.Inelastic scattering at high energies
MATHEMATICAL APPENDICES
§a.Hermite polynomials
§b.The Airy function
§c.Legendre polynomials
§d.The confluent hypergeometric function
§e.The hypergeometric function
§f.The calculation of integrals containing confluent hypergeo metric functions
Index
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