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内容大纲
本书构建了近似动态规划和强化学习的新的理论框架,简洁但雄心勃勃。这一框架以离线训练和在线学习这两个算法为中心,彼此独立又通过牛顿法有机融合。当今新一代人工智能技术发展绚丽多彩。在看似纷繁复杂的数据与算法表象之下,其实蕴藏着简洁而美妙的规律。通过本书的学习,读者将能体会经典优化控制理论在分析理解当代强化学习算法性能中的强大威力,更能领悟到以阿尔法零为代表的新一代算法浪潮对经典理论提供的新的发展机遇。本书适合作为普通高等学校信息科学技术领域研究生、本科高年级教材,也可用于本领域科研人员自学使用。 -
作者介绍
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目录
1.AlphaZero, Off-Line Training, and On-Line Play
1.1.Off-Line Training and Policy Iteration
1.2.On-Line Play and Approximation in Value Space-Truncated Rollout
1.3.The Lessons of AlphaZero
1.4.A New Conceptual Framework for Reinforcement Learning
1.5.Notes and Sources
2.Deterministic and Stochastic Dynamic Programming
2.1.Optimal Control Over an Infinite Horizon
2.2.Approximation in Value Space
2.3.Notes and Sources
3.An Abstract View of Reinforcement Learning
3.1.Bellman Operators
3.2.Approximation in Value Space and Newton's Method
3.3.Region of Stability
3.4.Policy Iteration, Rollout, and Newton's Method
3.5.How Sensitive is On-Line Play to the Off-Line Training Process?
3.6.Why Not Just Train a Policy Network and Use it Without On-Line Play?
3.7.Multiagent Problems and Multiagent Rollout
3.8.On-Line Simplified Policy Iteration
3.9.Exceptional Cases
3.10.Notes and Sources
4.The Linear Quadratic Case - Illustrations
4.1.Optimal Solution
4.2.Cost Functions of Stable Linear Policies
4.3.Value Iteration
4.4.One-Step and Multistep Lookahead - Newton Step Interpretations
4.5.Sensitivity Issues
4.6.Rollout and Policy Iteration
4.7.Truncated Rollout - Length of Lookahead Issues
4.8.Exceptional Behavior in Linear Quadratic Problems
4.9.Notes and Sources
5.Adaptive and Model Predictive Control
5.1.Systems with Unknown Parameters - Robust and PID Control
5.2.Approximation in Value Space, Rollout, and Adaptive Control
5.3.Approximation in Value Space, Rollout, and Model Predictive Control
5.4.Terminal Cost Approximation - Stability Issues
5.5.Notes and Sources
6.Finite Horizon Deterministic Problems - Discrete Optimization
6.1.Deterministic Discrete Spaces Finite Horizon Problems.
6.2.General Discrete Optimization Problems
6.3.Approximation in Value Space
6.4.Rollout Algorithms for Discrete Optimization .. .
6.5.Rollout and Approximation in Value Space with Multistep Lookahead
6.5.1.Simplified Multistep Rollout - Double Rollout..p.
6.5.2.Incremental Rollout for Multistep Approximation in Value Space
6.6.Constrained Forms of Rollout Algorithms
6.7.Adaptive Control by Rollout with a POMDP Formulation
6.8.Rollout for Minimax Control
6.9.Small Stage Costs and Long Horizon - Continuous-Time Rollout
6.10.Epilogue
Appendix A: Newton's Method and Error Bounds
A.1.Newton's Method for Differentiable Fixed Point Problems
A.2.Newton's Method Without Differentiability of the Hellman Operator
A.3.Local and Global Error Bounds for Approximation in Value Space
A.4.Local and Global Error Bounds for Approximate Policy Iteration
References
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