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内容大纲
“理论始于观察,观察渗透理论”是20世纪西方科学哲学中的一个著名命题。尽管哲学家们对其证伪各执一词,语言教学培训者和一线教师却从课堂观察中捕捉到理论与观察交融所产生的智慧。本书是资深教师培训专家、教材作家Ruth Wajnryb为语言教师和语言教师培训者编写的一本关于专业化发展的参考书。全书以任务为主线,以学习者、语言、学习、授课、教学技巧与策略、课堂管理和教材资源为观察视角,系统地揭示了课堂观察中隐含的理论,提供了对外语教师的教学行为进行观察、分析和反思的素材。 -
作者介绍
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目录
导读
Thanks
Acknowledgments
Part One Introduction
Observation as a learning tool
Who is this book for?
Why a book on observation?
How the tasks are organised
How to use the tasks
A word of caution
Part Two The tasks
1 The learner
1.1 Attending to the learner
1.2 Learner motivation
1.3 The learner as doer
1.4 Learner level
1.5 The learner as cultural being
2 Language
2.1 The teacher's meta-language
2.2 The language of questions
2.3 The language of feedback to error
2.4 Language echoes
2.5 Language as the negotiation of meaning
3 Learning
3.1 The learning environment
3.2 Checking learning
3.3 Learning and teaching compared
3.4 Learning aims
3.5 Lexis and learning
4 The lesson
4.1 Lesson planning
4.2 Openings and closures
4.3 Lesson phases and transitions
4.4 Grammar as lesson content
4.5 Lesson breakdowns
5 Teaching skills and strategies
5.1 Presenting
5.2 Eliciting: teacher prompts
5.3 Eliciting: teacher responses
5.4 Giving instructions
5.5 Managing error
6 Classroom management
6.1 Managing classroom communication
6.2 Managing pair and group work
6.3 Teaching and learning roles
6.4 Timing and pace
6.5 Classroom power
7 Materials and resources
7.1 The board as resource
7.2 The learner as resource
7.3 ‘Whole-learner' materials
7.4 Task analysis
7.5 Task design and evaluation
Bibliography
Task index
Index
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