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内容大纲
《当代语言哲学纲要(第三版)》是美国哲学家威廉·G.莱肯的经典代表作,凭借其卓越的学术价值与实用性,自首版问世以来一直是北美多所大学“语言哲学”课程的推荐教材。本书紧扣语言哲学的核心主题,即意义问题,集中介绍了极具代表性的哲学理论与相关争议,从指称与指称行为、意义理论、语用学与言语行为、表达与修辞这四方面进行论述。本书编排合理,每章结构统一,还配有思考题与拓展阅读,引导学生深入探究,拓宽学术视野。 -
作者介绍
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目录
Preface
Acknowledgments for the Third Edition
1 Introduction: Meaning and Reference
Overview
Meaning and Understanding
The Referential Theory
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
PART I
Reference and Referring
2 Definite Descriptions
Overview
Singular Terms
RusselPs Theory of Descriptions
Objections to Russell's Theory
Donnellan's Distinction
Anaphora
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
3 Proper Names: The Description Theory
Overview
Frege and the Puzzles
RusselPs Name Claim
Opening Objections
Searle's Cluster Theory
Kripke's Critique
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
4 Proper Names: Direct Reference and the Causal-Historical Theory
Overview
Possible Worlds
Rigidity and Proper Names
Direct Reference
The Causal-Historical Theory
Problems for the Causal-Historical Theory
Natural-Kind Terms and **Twin Earth”
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
PART II
Theories of Meaning
5 Traditional Theories of Meaning
Overview
Ideational Theories
The Proposition Theory
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
6 "Use” Theories
Overview
“Use” in a Roughly Wittgensteinian Sense
Objections and Some Replies
Inferentialism
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
7 Psychological Theories: Grice's Program
Overview
Grice*s Basic Idea
Speaker-Meaning
Sentence Meaning
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
8 Verificationism
Overview
The Theory and Its Motivation
Some Objections
The Big One
Two Quinean Issues
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
9 Truth-Condition Theories: Davidson's Program
Overview
Truth Conditions
Truth-Defining Natural Languages
Objections to the Davidsonian Version
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
10 Truth-Condition Theories: Possible Worlds and Intensional Semantics
Overview
Truth Conditions Reconceived
Advantages Over Davidson's View
Remaining Objections
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
PART Ⅲ
Pragmatics and Speech Acts
11 Semantic Pragmatics
Overview
Semantic Pragmatics vs. Pragmatic Pragmatics
The Problem of Deixis
The Work of Semantic Pragmatics
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
12 Speech Acts and Illocutionary Force
Overview
Performatives
Illocution, Locution, and Perlocution
Infelicities and Constitutive Rules
Cohen's Problem
Illocutionary Theories of Meaning
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
13 Implicative Relations
Overview
Conveyed Meanings and Invited Inferences
Conversational Implicature
Relevance Theory
Presupposition and Conventional Implicature
Indirect Force
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
PART IV
The Expressive and the Figurative
14 Expressive Language
Overview
The Expressive per se
Irony and Sarcasm
Pejorative Language
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
15 Metaphor
Overview
A Philosophical Bias
The Issues
Davidson's Causal Theory
The Naive Simile Theory
The Figurative Simile Theory
The Pragmatic Theory
Pretense
The Relevance View
Metaphor as Analogical
Summary
Questions
Further Reading
Glossary
Bibliography
Index
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