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内容大纲
本教材是一本简明扼要的语义学导论,系统阐述了语言意义的本质与分析方法,从词汇、句子到逻辑层面层层深入。在词汇层面探讨了指称关系、词义网络和歧义现象;在句子层面分析了命题意义和预设机制;同时引入逻辑工具,解析语言与真理的关系。教材中既涵盖语义学传统理论,又涉及当代前沿议题,通过清晰的框架和生动例证,帮助读者理解意义如何在语言中编码与传递。本教材以深入浅出的方式呈现复杂的语义学概念,既适合语言学专业学生,也能满足对语言意义感兴趣的普通读者需求。 -
作者介绍
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目录
Chapter 1 Semantics and Its Place in Language and Linguistics
1.1 What is semantics about?
1.2 What should a theory of semantics look like?
1.3 Different approaches to the study of semantics
1.4 Semantics and other branches of meaning studies
1.5 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 2 Some Basic Semantic Concepts
2.1 Levels of semantic analysis: Utterance, sentence, and proposition
2.2 Aspects of meaning: Sense, reference, denotation, connotation
2.3 Different types of reference
2.4 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 3 Language, Thought and the World
3.1 Where is meaning?
3.2 Concepts and mental representation
3.3 Relativism / Determinism vs. universalism
3.4 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 4 Lexical Semantics and Sense Relations
4.1 The domain of lexical semantics
4.2 Word, word senses and context
4.3 Ambiguity and vagueness
4.4 The lexicon and sense relations
4.5 Componential analysis
4.6 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 5 Meaning and Logic
5.1 What do we need logic for?
5.2 Logic and truth
5.3 Propositional logic, logical connectives and truth tables
5.4 Predicate logic and quantifiers
5.5 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 6 Sentence Meaning and Presupposition
6.1 The notion of truth revisited
6.2 Sentence relations defined in logic terms
6.3 Presupposition and triggers
6.4 Presupposition at the semantics-pragmatics interface
6.5 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
Chapter 7 Argument Structure and Thematic Roles
7.1 Argument structure and verb valency
7.2 Identifying thematic roles
7.3 Problems with thematic roles
7.4 Thematic hierarchy and argument selection
7.5 Dowty's proto-role alternative
7.6 Summary
Questions for discussion and further reading
References
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